Sample RIS -- Kenya, Lake Baringo, 2002

[Lake Baringo has been designated as the Convention's 1137th Ramsar site, and the 4th in Kenya, effective 10 January 2002.]

2. Country: Republic of Kenya

3. Name of wetland: Lake Baringo

4. Geographical coordinates: Longitude 360 00' - 360 10' E Latitude 00 30' - 00 34' N

5.Elevation: (average and/or max. & min.) Average 965 meters above sea level.

6. Total Area of Wetland 31,469ha (Lake water body 16,662 ha + Riparian zone 14,807 ha)

7. Overview:

Baringo is one of the two important fresh water lakes in the Kenyan Rift valley that is primarily arid in nature. It is part of the Great Rift Valley system consisting of faults and cliffs. It is hydrologically inundated by several fresh water inflows from the Mau and Tugen hills. Ecologically, the lake constitutes a critical habitat and refuge for more than 500 avifaunal species. Some of the migratory waterbird species are of regional and global conservation significance. The lake is an invaluable habitat for seven fresh water fish species of which one (Oreochromis alcalicus baringoensis) is endemic to the lake. Local fisheries are particularly important towards sustainable socio-economic development of the communities. In addition it is a habitat for many species of animals such as Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious), Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) and a wide range of mammals, amphibians, reptiles and the invertebrate communities. Its has high natural and cultural attractions that contribute immensely towards eco- tourism development in the region.

8. Wetland Type:

Marine/coastal:

Zk(a)

Inland:

Zk(b)

Human-made:

Zk(c)

Please now rank these wetland types by listing them from the most to the least dominant:
Ranking 1. O 2. Tp 3. M 4. Ts

9. Ramsar Criteria:

Please specify the most significant criterion applicable to the site: ____7______

10. Map of site included? Please tick yes -or- no

11. Name and address of the compiler of this form:

Anderson Koyo
Kenya Wildlife Service
Wetlands Programme
P.O. Box 40241
Nairobi.
Kenya.

E-mail: Akoyo@kws.org
Fax: 254-02-605828
Tel: 254-02-605828/602345/501081/2

12. Justification of the criteria selected under point 9:

Criteria 1: A wetland should be considered internationally important if contains a representative, rare or unique example of a natural or near-natural wetland type found within the appropriate bio-geographical region.

Lake Baringo is located in an arid zone and it is an important source of water (unlike other Rift Valley lakes that are alkaline saline) for domestic use and livestock production. Rivers Molo and Perkerra, which drain into Lake Baringo have their catchment in Mau escarpment and Tugen hills to the west and Laikipia escarpment to the east respectively. They cut through the Marigat/ Loboi plains on the way to lake Baringo. They are reliable permanent rivers with a large volume of water. The seasonal rivers include Dau, Mugurn, Araben and Wasenges, which have dissolved substances of heavy metals such as potassium, magnesium, sulphate and chlorine. These rivers play a major role in the biological and physical-chemical characteristics of lake Baringo. The rivers support a lot of biodiversity and many ecological functions in the lake, which are very important locally and nationally. The lake has an area of 16,662 ha and a maximum depth of 8m. The depth has been decreasing over the years due to reduced precipitation and heavy siltation. The lake is fresh with a Ph of 8.0-9.0, which varies from one season. The sources of water for the lake include precipitation, rivers and underground seepage.

Criteria 2: A wetland should be considered internationally important if it supports vulnerable, endangered, or critically endangered species or threatened ecological communities.

Lake Baringo is an important habitat for the endangered/endemic. Labeo cylindricus is endangered, Barbus is threatened and Oreochrimis niloticus baringoensis, is endemic to this lake. This fish species is of potential economic value and currently it is utilized on a very limited scale for food. The fish species is found only in lake Baringo and nowhere else in Kenya.

The lake also has a number of regionally threatened species also occur in this lake and include: Great crested grebe, African darter, Great egret, Saddle-billed stork, White backed duck, White headed vulture, Martial eagle, Baillon's crake and African skimmer (see appendix).

Criteria 3: A wetland should be considered internationally important if it supports population of plant and/ or animal species important for maintaining the biological diversity of a particular biogeographic region.

Lake Baringo has high avifauna diversity including globally important species such as Lesser Kestril, Lesser flamingo, Madagascar squaco heron and the Palid harrier. More than 500 species of avifauna have been recorded in the area. Large diversity of mammalian species i.e. hippopotamus, reptiles like crocodiles, amphibians and invertebrates are also on the lake.

Criteria 4: A wetland should be considered internationally important if it supports plant and/ or animal species at a critical stage in their life cycles, or provides refuge during adverse conditions.

The Ol'Kokwe Island on the lake is an important breeding habitat for Goliath herons. It is a stopover and a wintering ground for palaearctic migrants.

Criteria 5: It regularly supports 20,000 waterfowl.

Lake Baringo is an important bird area having recorded over 470 species of birds, including significant numbers of migratory species. It is of great ornithological importance as it has over 20,000 water birds throughout the year.

Criteria 7: It supports significant proportion of indigenous fish subspecies, species or families, life history stages, species interactions and /or population that are representative of wetland benefits and /or values and thereby contribute to global biological diversity.

Lake Baringo is an important habitat for seven species of fish, which are very critical for sustainable fisheries and socio-economic development of the local communities. Tilapia, an indigenous species dominates the catch followed closely by Protopterus, which is an exotic species. The fisheries of this lake contribute significantly to eco-tourism development through sport fishing practices (see appendix).

13. General location:

Lake Baringo is located in Baringo district of Rift Valley Province in Kenya. It is about 150 km north of Nakuru town, and about 300 km north of Nairobi, the capital of Kenya. The nearest town to the lake is Kampi ya Samaki, which is a small settlement on the western shore of the lake. The geographical coordinates of the lake has been shown above.

14 Physical features:

Geomorphology: Lake Baringo has a sub-rectangular morphology with a length of 21km, width of 13 km and a surface area of 168km2. To the West the sub-rectangular morphology is bordered by the sub-meridian fault, which affects the concentration of trachytes in the lake. On the eastern side there is a fault on the base of Laikipia escarpment. Contrary to Lake Bogoria, Lake Baringo is divided into lower basins; it has several islands, which is bordered by a meridian fault. The central island of Ol Kokwe represents the remains of a small volcano. The lake has a regular shoreline apart from the northern shores which has gaps of rugged terrain. It has no surface outflow, although it has been documented that there is underground connection to some natural springs 50km away.

Origin: It is part of the formation of the Gregory Rift Valley .

Hydrology: Lake Baringo and Bogoria catchment extends close to the structural limit of the half graben of the lake. The area is about 6905km2 with 6200km2 being for Lake Baringo and 705km2 for lake Bogoria. There are about ten water inflows into lake Baringo; some are permanent while others are semi permanent. The permanent rivers include the Molo and the Parkerra rivers whereas the seasonal rivers are Dau, Araben and Mugun. These rivers bring to the lake a lot of silt and dissolved substances. The permanent rivers however contain very small amount of silt and dissolved substances compared to the semi -permanent rivers that contain a lot of silt. The source of groundwater located to the west of lake Baringo contains a high level of sodium and chlorine indicating a probable contamination of the water table. The water sources in this region are currently under threats of degradation due to unsustainable land use practices and lack of education and awareness among the community members.

The depth varies from one season to another and currently the lake is becoming shallower due to siltation. The maximum depth ever recorded is 8m and the minimum is 3m.

Soil types and Chemistry

Sediments and alluvial /silts. There is a large delta at the Southern end of lake Baringo, which covers a large surface of 40 km2 (a quarter of the surface area of the lake). To the South- west and South east of the lake are deltas at the mouth of rivers Dau and Araben. These deltas extend to the alluvial cones of the Marigat and Loiminang zones. The Molo River delta occurs at the end of the lake at the junction between Marigat/Loboi plain. It has been observed that the deposited silt and mud is rich in debris from vegetation and animal material that show a slow process of sedimentation. The sediment load in the riverbeds determines further the rate of sedimentation. The soils in the basin are generally sandy, loam and volcanic ash. There is widespread evidence of soil erosion over most parts in the range.

Water Quality (physio-chemical characteristics): Lake Baringo is a fresh water lake with a Ph of 8.0 - 9.0. Its conductivity is 420us/cm and the transparency or Secchi depth - 10cm.

Tidal variations: None

Catchment: The catchment of lake Baringo stretches from Mau escarpment in the South and is drained by Molo river. This area is under intensive agriculture. To the west is the Tungen and Mochogoi hills drained by Pekerra and other seasonal rivers. Land use in the area is mainly cultivation and livestock keeping. To the east is the Laikipia and Nyahururu uplands drained by Wesenges. Main land use here is cultivation.

A number of forests used to be within this catchment, however in the recent past most of these forests have been lost resulting into serious silting of the lake. Likewise, rivers Lembus from Eldamaravine, Wesenges and Loboi have been changing their river courses to drain into lakes Baringo and Bogoria. Most of the rivers draining into lake Baringo are being used for irrigation.

Climate: Arid and semi arid climate. Average temperature is 300C. The climate is influenced by the ITCZ with two distinct wet seasons.

15. Hydrological values:

The many rivers that drain into lake Baringo bring a large volume of water during years of above average rainfall. This water is stored in the lake thereby preventing flooding and causing stabilization of the shoreline. All the sediments from the permanent and semi-permanent rivers are deposited in the lake making it shallower. This lake does not have a visible down stream community, however it has been postulated that the hot springs at Kapedo are as a result of the recharge from this lake.

16. Ecological features:

This site has three main habitat types, the open water, the shore line/thin strip of riparian land and the arid or dry land. The edaphic factors as well as the altitude influence the species composition, and distribution of vegetation types. The raised dry areas around the lake have savanna vegetation dominated by Acacia tortilis woodland. The Ficus species in this area grows on the cliff faces. Communities dominated by Acacia mellifora, A. reficiens occur to the north and east of the lake. Other important communities include species of Boscia, Commiphora, Terminalia and Balanites The alkaline tolerant grasslands of Sporobolus spicatus, Cyperus papyrus and strands of Typha domingensis and sedges dominate the low-lying wet/moist ground, or the shore line. Algae dominate the open water (Annex 2).

17. Noteworthy flora:

The various flora found in this wetland are shown in Annex 2. A blue green alga forms about 90.89% of the total Biomass, and is dominated by Green algae and Bacililarphyta. Several species of macrophytes are confined to the delta region, Loruk and other sandy shores. These include Typha, Pistia stratioes, Nymphea papyrus, Diplakin fuscus or floating grass. The extensive Cyperus papyrus vegetation is endangered by poor land use practices.

Lake Baringo has plant species like Moringa tree which have both medicinal and cultural values. H. erafloxinon is used for making boats locally.

18. Noteworthy fauna:

Various fauna found within this site are shown in annex 1
Fish - Oreochromis alcalicus baringoensis is endemic to this lake
_ Labeo cylindricus is endangered. Barbus is threatened, whereas Tilapia, Clarius and Protoptorus are under fishing pressure.
More than 500 species of avifauna have been recorded in the area.
Large diversity of mammalian species i.e. hippopotamus, reptiles like crocodiles, amphibians and invertebrates are also on the lake.

19. Social and cultural values:

This site has very high socio and cultural values. The lake has 13 islands, which at times are referred to by the locals as devil islands. It encompasses four ethnic communities, the Pokot, Njemps, Turkana and the Kalenjins. These communities have a very high sense of ownership and positive attitude towards the lake. They use it as a source of food through fishing and water for domestic use. The fish production is an important activity in the basin mainly by the local fishermen. It is a source of income and food to the local community. The community acquires firewood and construction material from the bush land and forests surrounding the lake as well as thatch material from the wetland.

The hot springs found in the northern part of the lake are believed to treat skin diseases. In these shores around Loruk, the Pokot community performs some cultural practices, which have not been ascertained yet. The community expresses hostility towards strangers visiting the place. The cliffs to the west are used by Tugens to punish witches. The caves in the cliffs surrounding the lake are of geological value.

Religion: Various sites in this site are used for traditional religious functions and activities.

20. Land tenure/ownership of: (a) site (b) surrounding area .

This is a trust land under the County council of Baringo. The land is under the direct management of the county council and it has been gazetted as a National Reserve.

21. Current land use: (a) site (b) surroundings/catchment

Land is used for a variety of activities that include the following:

Conservation of biodiversity

Pastoralism and livestock grazing

Honey gathering for local and external markets

Irrigation- small scale projects.

Tourism for local and foreign visitors

Community access to medicinal plants

Sacred prayer (used by the Pokots, Njemps Turkana and Kalenjin communities).

Fishing for domestic and commercial purposes

Watering of livestock

Settlements of communities at appropriate sites

22. Factors (past, present or potential) adversely affecting the site's ecological character, including changes in land use and development projects: (a) at the site (b) around the site

Overgrazing - (past and present)- Incidences of over grazing in the area started in 1972, in the 80's the trend reduced, however this increased in 1990 by 5.4% resulting into more pressure on the pastures. This situation has not changed due to lack of willingness to change and the attitudes towards livestock. Land demarcation has increased grazing pressure in this semi arid area and has led to over grazing especially in certain areas of the shore. Formation of hard pans, soil erosion, loss of ground cover and increased surface runoff are all caused by over grazing.

Siltation, - (past and present)- Cultivation practices like shifting-cultivation has contributed to siltation in the same manner as over grazing. Most of the inlet rivers and the lake are heavily silted.

Potential for pollution (from solid wastes from nearby urban centres especially Kampi Ya Samaki and tourist hotels and lodges.

Deforestation - This has taken place in the pretext of clearing land for cultivation, fuel wood (charcoal), building material etc. Most of the catchment forests (Mau, Tugen and Laikipia) are seriously deforested, resulting into reduced precipitation and high siltation of the river courses.

Diversion /abstraction of water from Pekerra river for irrigation is a major threat. The Pekkerra river no longer flows to the lake due to this problem. Damming of Molo river has also resulted into reduced lake water levels. Water abstraction for flower farming around Molo has likewise reduced the amount of water that flows into the lake than before.

Alien invasive plant species- species like Pistia (Nile cabbage) have been occurring more frequent in the lake, an evidence of nutrient run-off into the lake from inappropriate landuse practices in the catchment basin.

Tourism- Increased tourism has attracted more people to invade one of the islands in the lake thereby destroying vegetation. Use of motor boats for water sports needs to be monitored to curtail chances of pollution and introduction of alien plant species.

23. Conservation measures taken:

The lake and surrounding areas has been gazetted as Lake Baringo National Reserve under the management of Baringo county council. It is therefore by the Wildlife conservation and management Act (section 18) that deals with the establishment and management of National reserves in the country.

Research, Monitoring and Inventory are being carried out by Kenya wildlife Service (KWS) and Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KEMFRI), together with public education, awareness and capacity building to implement the wise use principles.

Due to the lake's importance for global, regional, national and local importance to conservation of biodiversity, GEF has funded a $5 million project to improve conservation of the biodiversity and protection of the environment around the lake. The project is currently on-going.

The lake is part of the Rift Valley lakes in East Africa which will also benefit from a GEF funded project to support biodiversity conservation and environmental management around the lakes for sustainable development. The proposal is currently being considered for funding by the GEF secretariat.

An integrated Management Plan is currently being developed through a participatory process involving all stakeholders.

Construction of sanitary facilities to manage solid waste materials around the Lake and the urban centers is underway by the Baringo county council.

Eco-tourism development including construction of tourist hotels and jetties to control boating traffic are being implemented by the Baringo county council.

24. Conservation measures proposed but not yet implemented:

Lake Baringo integrated Management Plan is currently under formulation by the various stakeholders. The current management committee is managing the lake especially the riparian zone.

Formulation of institutional framework for a Ramsar site and an appropriate management regime to control overgrazing and sensitize the locals on proper water, soil and forestry conservation and management including sustainable agricultural practices.

Capacity building and implementation of the wise use principle on the natural resources within the lake's catchment basin.

Zonation of the lake for various conservation and management of natural resources, together with restoration and rehabilitation of degraded sites.

25. Current scientific research and facilities:

Research, Monitoring and Inventory of the lake's physical and biological resources by KEMFRI ,KETRI, KWS and the local Universities.

Kenyatta University is conducting studies on Phytoplankton biodiversity and the environmental factors that contribute to growth of the species.

An Austrian University is collaborating with KEMFRI to study the limnology of the Lake.

Earth Watch is conducting research on ecology of the lake.

A Danish is conducting studies on mollusks and causes of bilharzia in the region.

GEF Rift Valley lakes project will conduct research on varies biological and environmental parameters to improve conservation of biodiversity.

KARI research on invasive species and improved agricultural production.

Facilities
Visitor center is in place.
Field research station available
Social amenities avilable

26. Current conservation education:

Environmental education programs in place at Lake Bogoria Education and visitor centers which can cover lake Baringo as well.

GEF project sponsoring public education, awareness through workshops, seminars and field visits and demonstrations. Other institutions like the Wildlife Clubs of Kenya (WCK) are already collaborating in the awareness program through production of brochures, leaflets, pamphlets and other necessary materials.

27. Current recreation and tourism:

· Campsites: for example Fig tree and Acacia.
· Picnic sites:
· Lake Baringo hotel.
· Boating and sailing
· Water skiing
· Sport fishing on the lake
· Bird watching on the lake and surrounding areas
· Snake Park
· Camel riding
· Scenic beauty

28. Jurisdiction:

Territorial Jurisdiction: County Council of Baringo.
Functional Jurisdiction: Kenya Wildlife Service.

29. Management authority:

County Council of Baringo
P.O. Box 64
Marigat, KENYA.
Tel: 254-037-40746

30. Bibliographical references:

1. Baker B.H and J. Wohlenberg (1971) Structure and Evolution of the Kenyan Rift Valley. Nature: 229:538-542

2. Bartholomew, G.A. and Pennycuit, C.J. 1973. The Flamingo and Pelican Populations of the Rift Valley Lakes in 1969. East Africa Wildlife Journal 11: Pg. 189-198.

3. Fairhead, J.D. 1976. The structure of the Lithosphere beneath the Eastern Rift, East Africa, deduced from gravity studies. Journal of Tectonophysics 30: Pg. 269-298.

4. Kilham, P. 1971: Biogeochemistry of African Lakes and Rivers. Ph. D. Thesis. Duke University.

5. McCall, C.J. H. 1957. Geology of the Nakuru- Thomson Falls- Lake Hannington Area. Geological Survey of Kenya. Report No. 78. pg.122. Government Printer. Nairobi, Kenya

6. Melack, J.M. 1979. Photosynthesis and growth of Spirulina platensis (cynaophyta) in Equatorial Lake (Lake Simbi, Kenya). Limnology and Oceanography 24(4): 753-760.

7. Melack, J.M. 1981. Photosynthetic Activity of Phytoplankton in Tropical African Soda Lakes. Journal of Hydrobiologia. 81: pg 71-85.

8. Melack, N.E. 1976. Limnology and dynamics of phytoplankton in Equatorial African lakes. Ph.D. Thesis, Duke University.

9. Mwangi, N.E. 1992. The Vegetation of Lake Bogoria National Reserve: Composition, Structure and Distribution. M.Sc. Thesis, Moi University.

10. P.K. Njuguna 1992. Some Aspects of the Limnology of Lake Bogoria and their influence on Lesser Flamingo Spatial Distribution. Msc. Thesis. Moi University.

11. Talling, J.F. and Talling, I.B. 1965. The Chemical Compositon of African Lake waters. International Gesamten Hydrobiology. 50: 421-463.

12. Tuite, E.H. 1978. The Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor: Aspects of it's Ecology and Behaviuor in Eastern Rift Valley of Kenya and Northern Tanzania. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Bristol.

13. Tuite, E.H. 1979. Population Size, distribution and biomass density of the Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor in Eastern Rift Valley. Journal of Applied Ecology. 16: 765-775.

ANNEX 1

A Check List Of Fish Species In Lake Baringo

Common name	Scientific name	Economic value	Conservation status
Tilapia	Oreochromis niloticus baringoensis	Exploited by traditional fishermen. Dominates the catch.	Common
Clarias	Clarias gariepinus	Exploited on a limited scale
Protopterus	Protopterus aethiopicus	Exploited by traditional by traditional fishermen on limited scale	Exotic
Barbus	Barbus gregorii	Exploited by traditional fishermen on limited scale
Labeo	Labeo culindricus	Exploited by traditional fishermen	Endangered
	Barbus lineomaculatus	Exploited by traditional fishermen	Rare
	Aplochilichys spp.	Exploited by traditional fishermen	Rare

ANNEX 2

A Check List Of The Flora Of Lake Baringo

Micro-organisms

Cyanophyta (blue green algae )
Microcysts aeruginosa
Cholorophyta (green algae )
Bacillariophyta ( Diatoms)
Anabaena cinalis
Melosira
Botrycoccus braunii
Karatella tropica ( rotifers )
Thermocyclops spp.(copepod)
Mesocyclops spp. (copepod)
Tropodaitom spp.(copepod)

Macrophytes (moist soil)

Urtricularis spp.
Ceratophyllum dumersum
Najas minor
Cyperus papyrus
Pistia stratiotes
Nymphaea caerulea
Diplacne fusca
Aeschynomena elaphroxyron
Cyperus alopecuroides
Cyperus alternifolius
Cyperus difformis

Dry soils/Savanna soils

Acacia reficiens
A. Senegal
A. mellifora
A. tortillas
Ficus sycomorus
Trichilia emetica
Combretum molle
Terminalia brownii (on the escarpment)
Tarchonanthis comphoratus (on the escarpment)

ANNEX 3

Check List Of Other Animals In Lake Baringo

Hippopotamus	Hippopotamus amphibious
Crocodile	Crocodylus niloticus
Frogs	Rana species

ANNEX 4

A Check List of Birds of Lake Baringo

1.	African fish eagle	Haliaeectus vocifer
2.	Pied kingfisher	Ceryle r. rudis
3.	Malachite kingfisher	Alcedo cristata galeita
4.	African spoonbill	Platalea alba
5.	Goliath heron	Ardea goliath
6.	Pink backed pelican	Pelecanus rufescens
7.	Great white pelican	Pelecanus onocrotalus
8.	Spur-winged lapwing	Venellus spinosus
9.	Long-tailed cormorant	Phalacrocorax a. africans
10.	Egyptian goose	Alopochen aegyptiacus
11.	Hamerkop	Scopus u. umbrella
12.	Marabou Stork	Leptoptilus crumeniferus
13.	Superb starling	Lamprotornis superbus
14.	Yellow billed stork	Mycteria ibis
15.	Cattle regret	Bubulcus i.� Ibis
16.	African jacana	Actophilornis africanus
17.	Black headed heron	Ardea molanocephala
18.	Great white egret	Casmerodius albus
19.	Dimorphic egret	Egretta dimorpha
20.	Green backed heron	Butorides striatus atricapillus
21.	Black tailed godwit	Limosa l. limosa
22.	Grey headed kingfisher	Halcyon l. leucocephala
23.	Lesser Jacana	Microparra capensis
24.	Common stilt	Himantopus himantopus
25.	Squacco hero	Ardeola ralloides
26.	Common greenshak	Tringa nebularia
27.	Grey headed gull	Larus Cirrocephalus poiocephalus
28.	White faced whistling duck	Dendrocygna viduata
29.	Glossy ibis	Plegadis f. falcinellus
30.	Red knobbed coot	Fulica cristata
31.	Grey crowned crane	Balearica regulorum gibbericeps
32.	Sacred ibis	Threskiornis a. aethiopica
33.	Senegal thick-knee	Burhinus senegalensis inornatus
34.	Black winged lapwing	Vanellus melanopterus minor
35.	White stork	Ciconia c.� ciconia
36.	Common tern	Sterna h. hirundo
37.	Little egret	Egretta g. garzetta
38.	White browned coucal	Centropus superciliosus
39.	Bridled term	Sterna anaethetus anartarctica
40.	Common sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos
41.*	Socotra cormorant	Phalacrocorax nigrogularis
42.	Greater flamingo	Phoenicopteus ( ruber) roseus
43.	Lesser flamingo	Phoeniconaias minor
44.	Marsh sandpiper	Tringa stagnatilis
45.	Laughing dove	Streptopelia senegalensis
46.	White-winged dove	Streptopelia reichenowi
47.	Namaqua dove	Oena c.capensis
48.*	Collared dove	Streptopelia
49.	Ring necked dove	Streptopelia capicola somalica
50.	African mourning dove	Streptopelia d. perspicillata
51.	Common bulbul	Pychinonotus barbatus
52.	White headed buffalo weaver	Dinemellia dinemelli boehmi
53.	White browned sparrow weaver	Plocepasser superciliosus)
54.	Speke�s weaver	Ploceus spekei�
55.	Vitelline masked weaver	Ploceus velatus uluensis
56.	Little weaver	Ploceus l.� luteolus
57.	Northern brown throated weavcer	Ploceus castanops
58.	Holub�s golden weaver	Ploceus xanthops
59.	Orange weaver	Ploceus aurantius
60.	Hoopoe	Upupa epops
61.	Square-tailed drongo	Dicrurus ludwigii sharpei
62.	Lilac-breasted roller	Coracias caudata
63.	White browed coucal	Centropus s. superciliosus
64.	Grey backed fiscal	Lanius e. excubitoroides
65.	Dwarf bittern	Ixobrychus sturmii
66.	African paradise flycatcher	Terpsiphone viridis
67.	White-bellied go-away bird	Criniferoides� laucogaster
68.	Jackson's hornbill	Tockus jacksoni
69.	Hemprich's hornbil	Tockus hemprichii
70.*	Heuglins francolin	Francolinus icterorhynchus
71.	Sooty boubou	Laniarius leucorhynchus
72.	Southern black flycatcher	Melaenornis pammelaina
73.	Blue-naped mouse bird	Urocolius macrourus pulcher
74.	Common drongo	Dicrurus adsimilis
75.	Horus Swift	Apus h. horus
76.	Alpine swift	Apus melba africanus
77.	Red and yellow barbet	Trachyphonus erythrocephalus
78.	Beautiful sunbird	Nectarinia pulchella
79.	Mouse-coloured sunbird	Nectarinia veroxii fischeri
80.	Bennet s woodpecker	Campethera bennettii scriptoricauda
81.	Little beer-eater	Merops pusillus cyanostictus
82.	Madagascar bee-eater	Merops superciliosus
83.	Cinnamon-Chested bee-eater	Merops oreobates
84.	Blue-cheeked bee-eater	Merops p. persicus
85.	White-throated bee-eater	Merops albicollis
86.	White-fronted bee-eater	Merops b. bullockoides
87.	Green winged pytilia	Pytilis melba soudanensis
88.	Red billed hornbill	Tockus erythrorhynchus
89.	White eyed slaty flycatcher	Melaenornis f. fischeri
90.	Blacked headed oriole	Oriolus larvatus rolleti
91.	Helmeted guinea fowl	Numida meleagris
92.	Cardinal woodpecker	Dendropicos fuscescens
93.	Grey headed bush-shrile	Malaconotus blanchoti approximans
94.	Ruppell's long-tailed starling	Lamprotornis purpuropterus
95.	Crested barbet	Trachyphonus vaillantii suahelicus
96.	Lesser sandplover	Charadrius mongolus pamirensis
97.	Common ostrich	Struthio camelus
98.	Black term	Chlidonias n. niger
99.	Golden tailed woodpecker	Campethera abingoni kavirondensis
100.	Greater painted snipe	Rostratula b. benghalensis
101.	Black crowned crane	Balearica pavonina ceciliae
102.	Grey headed heron	Ardea cinenea
103.	Speckled pigeon	Columba guinea
104.	Medagascar squacco heron	Ardeola idea
105.	Green backed heron	Butorides striatus atricapillus
106.	Knob-billed duck	Sarkidiornis melanotos
107.	Woodland kingfisher	Halcyon s. senegalensis
108.	Kittlitz's plover	Charadrius� pecuarius
109.	Ringed plover	Charadrius hiaticula
110.	Ruddy turnstone	Arenaria interpres
111.	Hadada ibis	Bostrychia hagedash brevirostris
112.	Jack snipe	Lymnocryptes minimus
113.	Black headed gull	Larus rudibundus
114.	Purple heron	Ardea purpurea
115.	African darter	Anhinga rufa
116.	Great Cormrant	Phalacrocorax carbo
117.	Blacksmiths plover	Venellus armatus
118.	Spur-winged goose	Plectopterus gambensis
119.	Wood sandpiper	Tringa glareola
120.	Three-banded plover	Charadrius tricollaris
121.	Yellow-billed egret	Mesophoyx� intermedia
122.	Slender billed gull	Larus genei
123.	Mosque swallow	Hirundo senegalensis
124.	Little grebe	Tachybaptus ruficollis capensis
125.	Hottentot teal	Anas hottentota
126.	Collared pratincole	Gloreola pratincola fuelleborni
127.	Cape rook	Corvus capensis
128.	Fulvous whistling duck	Dendrocygna bicolor
129.	Pintail snipe	Gallinago stenura
130.	Southern red bishop	Euplectes orix nigrifrons
131.	Water thick knee	Burhinus v. vermiculatus
132.	Fire fronted bishop	Euplectes� diadematus
133.	Northern red bishop	Euplectes franciscanus
135.	Yellow crowned bishop	Euplectes� afer ladoensis
136.	Great black headed gull	Larus ichthyaetus
137.	Crab plover	Dromas ardeola
138.	Black crowned night heron	Nycticorax n. nycticorax

ANNEX 5

Fish Landing for Lake Baringo

Quantity and value of fish in Lake Baringo between 1986and 1995

Year	Quantity(Metric tons)	Value Kshs.� ' 000
1986	152	511
1987	116	435
1988	96	372
1989	233	922
1990	380